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How-to guide

How to Calculate HRA: Formula, Steps & Examples

Learn how to calculate HRA — the formula explained step by step, with worked examples and a free calculator to check your answer.

By CA Rohan Gupta, Chartered Accountant (ICAI) · Updated Jun 2026 · 2 min read

Calculating your exempt HRA is straightforward once you know the HRA formula and what each input means. This guide explains the method in plain language, walks through a manual calculation, and gives worked examples you can follow — then you can do it instantly with the HRA Calculator.

What is HRA?

The HRA calculation tells you your exempt HRA from a few simple inputs. The figure you are solving for here is the exempt HRA, expressed in INR.

The HRA formula

This calculation combines several inputs through a multi-step method rather than a single one-line formula. Enter the values below and the calculator resolves each step in order. The inputs it needs are:

  • Basic salary (annual) — a money amount. Example: ₹6,00,000.
  • HRA received (annual) — a money amount. Example: ₹3,00,000.
  • Rent paid (annual) — a money amount. Example: ₹2,40,000.
  • City type — a number. Example: 1.

How to calculate it step by step

  • Write down the basic salary (annual) (for example, ₹6,00,000).
  • Write down the hra received (annual) (for example, ₹3,00,000).
  • Write down the rent paid (annual) (for example, ₹2,40,000).
  • Write down the city type (for example, 1).
  • Apply the formula above to get your exempt HRA.
  • Double-check the result with the HRA Calculator.

Worked examples

Example 1

Input / OutputValue
Basic salary (annual)₹6,00,000
HRA received (annual)₹3,00,000
Rent paid (annual)₹2,40,000
City type1
Rent − 10% of basic₹1,80,000
50% / 40% of basic₹3,00,000
Exempt HRA₹1,80,000
Taxable HRA₹1,20,000

With basic salary (annual) of ₹6,00,000, hra received (annual) of ₹3,00,000, rent paid (annual) of ₹2,40,000 and city type of 1, the exempt HRA works out to ₹1,80,000.

Example 2

With basic salary (annual) of ₹12,00,000, hra received (annual) of ₹3,00,000, rent paid (annual) of ₹2,40,000 and city type of 1, the exempt HRA works out to ₹1,20,000.

ResultValue
Rent − 10% of basic₹1,20,000
50% / 40% of basic₹6,00,000
Exempt HRA₹1,20,000
Taxable HRA₹1,80,000

Example 3

With basic salary (annual) of ₹3,00,000, hra received (annual) of ₹3,00,000, rent paid (annual) of ₹2,40,000 and city type of 1, the exempt HRA works out to ₹1,50,000.

ResultValue
Rent − 10% of basic₹2,10,000
50% / 40% of basic₹1,50,000
Exempt HRA₹1,50,000
Taxable HRA₹1,50,000

Tips for an accurate result

  • Keep your units consistent — mixing, say, months with years or grams with kilograms is the most common source of error.
  • Round only at the very end. Rounding inputs early can shift the final answer noticeably.
  • Re-run the numbers whenever an input changes, rather than estimating from an old result.
  • Annual rates must be converted to the period you are calculating for (for example, divide an annual rate by 12 for a monthly figure).

Prefer not to do the maths by hand? — the HRA Calculator does it instantly, for free, with the formula and a worked example built in.

Continue exploring tax calculators with these tools: GST Calculator, Income Tax Calculator, Take-Home Salary Calculator, Old vs New Tax Regime Calculator, GST Late Fee Calculator.

Calculators in this guide

Frequently asked questions

Gather each input, apply the formula step by step keeping your units consistent, and round only at the end. You can verify your answer instantly with the HRA Calculator.

It uses the standard formula with exact arithmetic, so the result is correct for the inputs you enter. Bear in mind that real-world outcomes can still differ when underlying assumptions change.

The exempt HRA is expressed in INR. Make sure your inputs use matching units so the result is correct.

CA Rohan Gupta · Chartered Accountant (ICAI)

CA Rohan Gupta is a practising Chartered Accountant advising individuals and businesses on income tax, GST and personal finance compliance in India.