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How-to guide

How to Calculate ROI: Formula, Steps & Examples

Learn how to calculate ROI — the formula explained step by step, with worked examples and a free calculator to check your answer.

By Priya Nair, MBA, Finance & Strategy · Updated Jun 2026 · 2 min read

Calculating your return on investment is straightforward once you know the ROI formula and what each input means. This guide explains the method in plain language, walks through a manual calculation, and gives worked examples you can follow — then you can do it instantly with the ROI Calculator.

What is ROI?

The ROI calculation tells you your return on investment from a few simple inputs. The figure you are solving for here is the return on investment, expressed in percent.

The ROI formula

This calculation combines several inputs through a multi-step method rather than a single one-line formula. Enter the values below and the calculator resolves each step in order. The inputs it needs are:

  • Amount invested — a money amount. Example: ₹1,00,000.
  • Amount returned — a money amount. Example: ₹1,50,000.

How to calculate it step by step

  • Write down the amount invested (for example, ₹1,00,000).
  • Write down the amount returned (for example, ₹1,50,000).
  • Apply the formula above to get your return on investment.
  • Double-check the result with the ROI Calculator.

Worked examples

Example 1

Input / OutputValue
Amount invested₹1,00,000
Amount returned₹1,50,000
Return on investment50.00%
Net gain₹50,000

With amount invested of ₹1,00,000 and amount returned of ₹1,50,000, the return on investment works out to 50.00%.

Example 2

With amount invested of ₹2,00,000 and amount returned of ₹1,50,000, the return on investment works out to -25.00%.

ResultValue
Return on investment-25.00%
Net gain-₹50,000

Example 3

With amount invested of ₹50,000 and amount returned of ₹1,50,000, the return on investment works out to 200.00%.

ResultValue
Return on investment200.00%
Net gain₹1,00,000

Tips for an accurate result

  • Keep your units consistent — mixing, say, months with years or grams with kilograms is the most common source of error.
  • Round only at the very end. Rounding inputs early can shift the final answer noticeably.
  • Re-run the numbers whenever an input changes, rather than estimating from an old result.

Prefer not to do the maths by hand? — the ROI Calculator does it instantly, for free, with the formula and a worked example built in.

Continue exploring business calculators with these tools: Discount Calculator, Price Elasticity of Demand Calculator, Profit Margin Calculator, Gross Profit Calculator, Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) Calculator.

Calculators in this guide

Frequently asked questions

Gather each input, apply the formula step by step keeping your units consistent, and round only at the end. You can verify your answer instantly with the ROI Calculator.

It uses the standard formula with exact arithmetic, so the result is correct for the inputs you enter. Bear in mind that real-world outcomes can still differ when underlying assumptions change.

The return on investment is expressed in percent. Make sure your inputs use matching units so the result is correct.

Priya Nair · MBA, Finance & Strategy

Priya Nair is a business analyst and MBA who advises small businesses and startups on pricing, unit economics and growth metrics.